Miriam L. Campanella is Associate Professor of international political economy at the University of Turin and holds a Jean Monnet permanent course on EMU policies and institutions. She studied at the MIT Center for International Studies from 1980 until 1986, where she has been a guest lecturer. In 1997, Ms. Campanella held a Fulbright chair at the University of Pittsburgh. From 2001 to 2008, she was appointed by the Minister of Economy and Finance in Rome to work on topics ranging from EU budget reform and the admission of new Eastern members to European defence spending. In the wake of 2008 financial crisis, her research interests shifted from the diversification of foreign reserves in export economies to the creation of sovereign wealth funds. In July 2009, Ms. Campanella was awarded the 2010-2011 Transatlantic Academy Fellowship. She has contributed to several books and journals, including co-authoring EU Economic Governance and Globalization with Sylvester C.W. Eijffinger in 2003.